Agamben, G. (1998). Homo sacer: Sovereign power and bare life. Stanford University Press.    

        

Aleaziz, H. (2024). What Muslim ban? Trump tries to sidestep years of Islamophobia. The New York Times.

 

Al-Jazeera. (2024). UK man sentenced to nine years for arson after far-right riots. Al-Jazeera. 

 

Amnesty International. (2021). China: Hearts and lives broken – The nightmare of Uyghur families separated by repression. Amnesty International. https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/asa17/3798/2021/en/

 

An, Q., & Zhang, L. (2022). Public health service and migration destinations among the labor of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China. Sustainability, 14, Article 4718.

 

Anand, D. (2019). Colonization with Chinese characteristics: Politics of (in)security in Xinjiang and Tibet. Central Asian Survey, 38(1), 129–147.

 

Andersson, R. (2024). When did liberals become so comfortable with war? The New York Times.

 

ANI. (2024). US politician accuses China of exploiting African workers, Uyghur Muslims. ANI News.

 

Arias, E., et al. (2021). Provisional life expectancy estimates for 2020. NVSS, CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/vsrr/vsrr015-508.pdf

 

Australian Medical Association. (2019). AMA calls for age of criminal responsibility to be raised to 14 years of age. AMA. https://www.ama.com.au/media/ama-calls-age-criminal-responsibility-be-raised-14-years-age

 

Babin, J. J., & Chauhan, H. S. (2023). Show no quarter: Combating plausible lies with ex-ante honesty oaths. Journal of Economic Science Association, 9, 66–76.

 

Bai, H., et al. (2024). Exploring the impact of highway construction standards on the development of the highway industry in the Northwest Territories. In Q. Gao et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2024 7th International Conference on Structural Engineering and Industrial Architecture (pp. 224–234). Atlantis Press. https://www.atlantis-press.com/proceedings/icseia-24/126000596

 

Baker-Beall, C., & Clark, R. (2021). A 'post-Copenhagen' analysis of China's securitization of the Uyghur: A counterproductive securitization? Democracy & Security, 17(4), 427–454.

 

Bale, T., et al. (2018). Grassroots Britain's party members: Who they are, what they think and what they do. Miles End Institute, Queen Mary University.

 

Balochistan Times. (2024). Pakistan, speaking for 80 countries, says issues like Xinjiang, Hongkong & Xizang are China's internal matters. Balochistan Times.

 

Baltay, C. (2024). Minority indigenous language rights laws: A comparative study. Emory International Law Review, 38(2), 435–520.

 

Balzacq, T. (2011). A theory of securitization: Origins, core assumptions, and variants. In T. Balzacq (Ed.), Securitization theory: How security problems emerge and dissolve (pp. 1–30). Routledge.

 

Bauer, B., & Goldsmith, J. (2023). Trump is not the only reason to fix this uniquely dangerous law. The New York Times.

 

Blair, L. (2022). Most US adults say church buildings are 'transcendent' spaces, but majority don't visit regularly. The Christian Post. https://www.christianpost.com/news/most-us-adults-say-church-buildings-are-transcendent-spaces.html

 

Bourke, L. (2021). ANU academic slammed over citation of 'sub-par' Chinese genocide research. Sydney Morning Herald.

 

Bradsher, K. (2024). Volkswagen finds itself falling behind in China. The New York Times.

 

Breland, A. (2023). Surviving Germany's neo-Nazi resurgence. New Republic. https://newrepublic.com/article/171675/surviving-germanys-neo-nazi-resurgence

 

Buckley, C. (2015). Chinese embrace America's culture but not its policies. The New York Times.

 

Buckley, C., & Ramzy, A. (2019). 'Absolutely no mercy': Leaked files expose how China organized mass detentions of Muslims. The New York Times.

 

Burton, M., & Tunicliffe, R. (2022). Membership in political parties in Great Britain. House of Commons Library.

 

Buzan, B., & Wæver, O. (2009). Macrosecuritisation and security constellations: Reconsidering scale in securitisation theory. Review of International Studies, 35, 253–276.

 

Buzan, B., Wæver, O., & de Wilde, J. (1998). Security: A new framework for analysis. Lynne Rienner Publishers.

 

Byler, D. (2023). The camp fix: Infrastructural power and the 're-education labour regime' in Turkic Muslim industrial parks in north-west China. China Quarterly, 255, 628–643.

 

Byler, D. (2024). Xinjiang authorities are retroactively applying laws to prosecute religious leaders as criminals. China File. https://www.chinafile.com/reporting-opinion/features/xinjiang-authorities-are-retroactively-applying-laws-prosecute-religious

 

Cai, V. (2024). Deadly Moscow shooting leaves China's internet divided on need for tighter security measures as country seeks to open up. South China Morning Post.

 

Cao, T., et al. (2016). Child labor in China. China Economic Review, 51, 149–166.

 

Cardus, B., & Irwin, P. (2024). UHRP analysis finds one in 26 Uyghurs imprisoned in region with world's highest prison rate. Uyghur Human Rights Project. https://uhrp.org/insights/uhrp-analysis-finds-1-in-26-uyghurs-imprisoned-in-region-with-worlds-highest-prison-rate/

 

Casert, R. (2023). A mostly godless Europe is turning its ancient churches into dance clubs and cultural hot spots. Fortune. https://fortune.com/europe/2023/06/22/what-is-europe-doing-with-old-churches-bars-clubs-hotels-nightlife/

 

CDA Institute. (2021). National security & human rights must be paramount when collaborating on science and technology with China: An interview with Margaret McCuaig-Johnston. CDA Institute. https://cdainstitute.ca/national-security-human-rights-must-be-paramount-when-collaborating-on-science-technology-with-china/

 

CGTN. (2023). Xinjiang population dynamics; chart of the day. CGTN.

 

CGTN. (2024). Ethnic unity and progress: Chinese president stresses strengthening unity of nation. CGTN.

 

CGTN. (2024). Graphics: Sustainable educational development in Xinjiang. CGTN.

 

Chandel, V. K. (2023). Scheduled tribes in higher education: Problems & perspectives. International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research, 5(4). https://www.ijfmr.com/papers/2023/4/4923.pdf

 

Chang, J. Y. (2020). The United States and the macrosecuritisation of the "China threat" [Doctoral dissertation, University of Queensland]. https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/data/UQ

 

Chappel, B. (2024). Racist taunts against soccer star Vinícius Júnior land men 8 months in Spanish prison. NPR. https://www.npr.org/2024/06/10/nx-s1-4998276/racist-chant-vinicius-spain-fans-punished

 

Chen, C.-y. (2023). Uighur women face abuse: Activist. Taipei Times.

 

Chen, Y. (2024). Expats need to break stereotypes and ignore misinformation. China Daily.

 

Chermak, S., et al. (2024). What NIJ research tells us about domestic terrorism. National Institute of Justice. https://nij.ojp.gov/topics/articles/what-nij-research-tells-us-about-domestic-terrorism

 

China Daily. (2022). Why is the population demographics a reflection of Xinjiang's development. China Daily.

 

Clarke, M. (2008). China's "war on terror" in Xinjiang: Human security and the causes of violent Uighur separatism. Terrorism and Political Violence, 20(2), 271–301.

 

Clarke, M. (2019). China's application of the 'three warfares' in the South China Sea and Xinjiang. Orbis, 187–208.

 

Clarke, M. (2021). Settler colonialism and the path toward cultural genocide in Xinjiang. Global Responsibility to Protect, 13(1), 9–19.

 

Cooper, S. P. (2022). An interview with Darren Byler. Scroll. https://thedailyscroll.substack.com/p/byler-intv

 

Corbin, C. M. (2017). Terrorists are always Muslim but never white: At the intersection of critical race theory and propaganda. Fordham Law Review, 86, 455–485.

 

Davis, E. (2024). The U.S. just hit its highest-ever best countries ranking. Would it last under Trump? U.S. News.

 

De Zayas, A. (2018). UN special: The weaponization of human rights. Alfred De Zayas Human Rights Corner. https://dezayasalfred.wordpress.com/2018/10/15/un-special-the-weaponization-of-human-rights/

 

DeJong, F. (2018). Uyghur texts in context: Life in Shinjiang documented from public spaces (pp. 140–143). Brill.

 

Diamant, J. (2023). Faith on the Hill. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2023/01/03/faith-on-the-hill-2023/

 

Drinhausen, K., & Legarda, E. (2022). 'Comprehensive national security' unleashed: How Xi's approach shapes China's policies at home and abroad. MERICS China Monitor. https://merics.org/sites/default/files/2022-09/Merics%20China%20Monitor%2075%20National%20Security_final.pdf

 

Dui Hua Foundation. (2019a). "Two restraints, one leniency": Part I, China's ethnic minorities and criminal law. Dui Hua Foundation. https://www.duihuahrjournal.org/2019/09/two-restraints-one-leniency-part-i.html

 

Dui Hua Foundation. (2019b). "Two restraints, one leniency": Part II, The legacy of a controversial policy. Dui Hua Foundation. https://www.duihuahrjournal.org/2019/09/two-restraints-one-leniency-part-ii.html

 

Earls, A. (2021). Small churches continue growing—but in number, not size. Lifeway Research. https://research.lifeway.com/2021/10/20/small-churches-continue-growing-but-in-number-not-size/

 

Equal Justice Initiative. (2016). Police killings against Native Americans are off the charts and off the radar. Equal Justice Initiative. https://eji.org/news/native-americans-killed-by-police-at-highest-rate-in-country/

 

Eurispes. (2021). Xinjiang: Understanding complexity, building peace (p. 14). Eurispes, et al. https://idi-international.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/New-Report.pdf

 

Farrell, J., et al. (2021). Effects of land dispossession and forced migration on Indigenous peoples in North America. Science, 374(6567).

 

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). (2019). Persons arrested. FBI. https://ucr.fbi.gov/crime-in-the-u.s/2019/crime-in-the-u.s.-2019/topic-pages/persons-arrested

 

Florida International University. (2022). Reject or dismiss: A prosecutor's dilemma. Prosecutorial Performance Indicators. https://prosecutorialperformanceindicators.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/PPI-Reject-Dismiss-Final.pdf

 

Floyd, R. (2019). The morality of security: A theory of just securitization (pp. 77–80). Cambridge University Press.

 

Floyd, R. (2024). The duty to secure: From just to mandatory securitization. Cambridge University Press.

 

Funk, C., & Lopez, M. H. (2022). A brief statistical portrait of US Hispanics. Pew Research Center.

 

Gabbat, A. (2023). Losing their religion: Why US churches are on the decline. The Guardian.

 

Garciandia Igal, D. (2023). The effectiveness of freedom of religion or belief as a framework in international relations: The case of Uyghur Muslims and other religious minorities in Xinjiang, China. Review of Faith & International Affairs, 21(2), 95–106.

 

Gladney, D. (2003). China's minorities: The case of Xinjiang and the Uyghur people. UN Commission on Human Rights. https://ap.ohchr.org/documents/e/subcom/other/e-cn_4-sub_2-ac_5-2003-wg_16.pdf

 

Gonul, H., & Rogenhofer, J. (2019). The disappearance of the "model Muslim minority" in Xi Jinping's China: Intended policy or side effect? Philippine Journal of Public Policy: Interdisciplinary Development Perspectives, 29–64.

 

Gordon, G. S. (2017). Atrocity speech law: Foundation, fragmentation, fruition. Oxford University Press.

 

Graham, J. (2023). America is experiencing a 'great dechurching.' What's happening to all the church buildings? Deseret News.

 

Greitens, S. C. (2020). Counterterrorism and preventive repression: China's changing strategy in Xinjiang. International Security, 44(3), 9–47.

 

Groth, A. J. (2006). Regimes and economic development: China, India and some others. Journal of East Asian Affairs, 20(1), 181–202.

 

Gunja, M., et al. (2022). The U.S. maternal mortality crisis continues to worsen: An international comparison. Commonwealth Fund. https://www.commonwealthfund.org/blog/2022/us-maternal-mortality-crisis-continues-worsen-international-comparison

 

Habeshian, S. (2023). Here are the harshest punishments yet for January 6 rioters. Axios. https://www.axios.com/2023/09/01/jan-6-longest-sentences-list

 

Hamer, L. (2023). Slapping incident: Hong Kong's chief imam tells religious teachers 'We can't punish students for learning the Koran'. South China Morning Post.

 

Han, T., et al. (2023). Spatial equity of basic educational resources and regional development in Xinjiang, China. Chinese Geographical Science, 33(3), 441–457.

 

Hancock, A. (2024). Amsterdam on edge after football violence. Financial Times.

 

Harrison, A. D. (2020). Nine truths you should know about expert liars. Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/thriving101/202002/9-truths-you-should-know-about-expert-liars

 

Hashemi, N., & Millward, J. (2024). Lessons on genocide from Xinjiang and Gaza. DAWN. https://dawnmena.org/lessons-on-genocide-from-xinjiang-and-gaza/

 

Hirsch Ballin, E., et al. (2020). The extension of the concept of security. In E. Hirsch Ballin et al. (Eds.), Security in an interconnected world: Research for policy (pp. 13–39). Scientific Council for Government Policy.

 

Hoff, A. (2022). From policy to genocide: How has Chinese counterterrorism policy in Xinjiang targeted Uyghur Muslims? Dartmouth College. https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/sites.dartmouth.edu/dist/9/244/files/2022/01/Hoff_From_Policy_to_Genocide.pdf

 

Hu, H., et al. (2023). Spatial-temporal coupling analysis of economic development–social development–governance development in Xinjiang, China. Chinese Geographical Science, 33(3), 410–425.

 

Idris, A. (2020). 500,000 children have become victims of cultural engineering. Campaign for the Uyghurs. https://campaignforuyghurs.org/500-thousand-children-have-become-victims-of-cultural-engineering/

 

Indian Blooms News Service. (2024). Swedish Uyghur committee condemns alleged persecution by Chinese govt in East Turkistan. Indian Blooms.

 

Isa, D. (2024). How Communist China weaponized Interpol to hunt down dissidents. Epoch Times.

 

Jazexhi, O. (2019). Dr. Olsi Jazexhi interrogates Chinese 'teachers' in Wensu County detention center in Aksu, Xinjiang [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ClKVs8qa2jw

 

Jha, P. (2024). Trump picks Mike Waltz, China hawk, House India Caucus co-chair, as NSA. Hindustan Times.

 

Jing, P., & Koesel, K. (2024). Church and state in contemporary China: Securing Christianity. Politics and Religion, 17, 107–137.

 

Judah, T. (2021). Helping Hungarian families have all the babies they want. Balkan Insight. https://balkaninsight.com/2021/09/23/helping-hungarians-have-all-the-babies-they-want/

 

Kam, S., & Clarke, M. (2021). Securitization, surveillance and 'de-extremization' in Xinjiang. International Affairs, 97(3), 625–642.

 

Kamal, R., et al. (2019). What do we know about infant mortality in the US and comparable countries. Health System Tracker. https://www.healthsystemtracker.org/chart-collection/infant-mortality-u-s-compare-countries/

 

Karmody, E. (2012). Minority education in remote regions of China. Current Research Journal of Social Sciences, 4(2), 109–120.

 

Khan, E. M. (2022). Comprehensive national security: Contemporary discourse. Margalla Papers, 2022(1), 1–17. https://margallapapers.ndu.edu.pk/site/article/download/94/68

 

Klimes, O., & Smith Finley, J. (2020). China's neo-totalitarian turn and genocide in Xinjiang. Society and Space. https://www.societyandspace.org/articles/chinas-neo-totalitarian-turn-and-genocide-in-xinjiang

 

Koeleman, S. M. (2021). Uyghurs' suffocating cycle of silence [Master’s thesis, Utrecht University]. https://studenttheses.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/20.500.12932/636/MA%20Thesis%20Koeleman

%20[1745074]_Uyghurs%20Suffocating%20Cycle%20of%20Silence.pdf

 

Komireddi, K. (2024). Imran Khan is unfit to be Oxford's Chancellor. The Telegraph.

 

Komireddi, K. (2024). My father's fate and India's. The New Yorker. https://www.newyorker.com/news/dispatch/my-fathers-fate-and-indias

 

Kreimer, S. (2024). South Korea's plan to avoid population collapse. Think Global Health. https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/article/south-koreas-plan-avoid-population-collapse

 

Kuo, C. (2023). The director of 'Savior Complex' on the perils of 'white saviorism'. The New York Times.

 

Kuper, S. (2024). How to read a riot. Financial Times.

 

La Botz, D., & Shalom, S. (2023). We oppose McCarthyism and apologizing for China. Foreign Policy in Focus.

 

Lamb, K. (2021). More Xinjiang statistics you need to know. CGTN. https://news.cgtn.com/news/2021-06-20/More-Xinjiang-statistics-you-need-to-know-11fd5SBoAog/index.html

 

Law4U. (2024). What is BNS section 152? Law4U. https://law4u.in/top-answer/335/what-is-bns-section-152#:~:text=A1%3A%20BNS%20Section%20152%20criminalizes,unity%2C%20and%20integrity%20of%20India.

 

Lee, B.-H. (2021). Ethnic distinctions, legal connotations: Chinese patterns of boundary making and crossing. SAGE Open, 11(3), 1–13.

 

Leibold, J., & Deng, D. X. (2016). Segregated diversity: Uyghur residential patterns in Xinjiang China. In A. Hayes & M. Clarke (Eds.), Inside Xinjiang: Space, place and power inside China's Muslim far northwest (pp. 122–148). Routledge.

 

Leibold, J., & Deng, D. X. (2016). Segregated diversity: Uyghur residential patterns in Xinjiang, China. In A. Hayes & M. Clarke (Eds.), Inside Xinjiang: Space, place and power inside China's Muslim far northwest (pp. 122–148). Routledge.

 

Lew, L. (2021). China census: Migration drives Han population growth in Xinjiang. South China Morning Post.

 

Lhungdim, H., et al. (2021). Population growth, ethnic diversity, socio-economic status, and healthcare utilization in North East India: With special reference to the recognized tribes. International Institute for Population Sciences. https://www.iipsindia.ac.in/sites/default/files/IIPS_Working_Paper_Series_No_21_0.pdf

 

Li, C. (2022). Periphery: Ethnic minority candidates for the 20th Central Committee. China US Focus.

 

Li, J., & Qiu, L. (2022). Analysis of the fertility of ethnic minorities in China and its influencing factors: Taking the Zhuang, Hui, Manchu, Uyghur, Tibetan, and Mongolian as examples. Northwest Journal of Ethnology, 2022(1). https://doi.org/10.16486/j.cnki.62-1035/d.20220124.003

 

Li, L., et al. (2024). A cross-sectional survey on the relationship between workplace psychological violence and empathy among Chinese nurses: The mediation role of resilience. BMC Nursing, 1(23), 85. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10832225/

 

Li, X. (2023). Zhongkao, not Gaokao, now the make-or-break exam, parents say. Sixth Tone. https://www.sixthtone.com/news/1013176

 

Li, Y. (2017). A zero-sum game? Repression and protest in China. Government and Opposition, 54(2), 309–335.

 

Li, Z., & Ren, Y. (2021). Vigorously promote the benign inheritance of ethnic minority mother tongues in Xinjiang in the context of the national common language: A factual response to Adrian Zenz's pseudo-academic writings. Journal of Xinjiang Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition), 2021(11).

 

Liao, J. (2022). Research on the education policy for the Uyghur group in Xinjiang. Advances in Economics, Management and Business Research, 214, 443–448.

 

Lin, M. (2012). The inclusion challenge. Global Times.

 

Lipson, D. (2023). After years of brutal repression, China's Communist Party tries to turn Xinjiang into a tourism hotspot. ABC News.

 

Liu, K., et al. (2024). Import tariff liberalization and child labor: Evidence from China. Economic Development and Cultural Change.

 

Liu, X. (2019). 1.6m party members of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang jointly promote local development. Global Times.

 

Liu, X. (2024). Chinese scholars introduce protection of education right of ethnic minorities in Xinjiang and Xizang at side event of UN Human Rights Council. Global Times.

 

Lo, A. (2024). Western values, what western values? South China Morning Post.

 

Lo, A. (2024). Why US is among world's worst domestic human rights violators. South China Morning Post.

 

London Politica. (2024). Securitization and Sinicization: An analysis of China's practices and mechanisms. London Politica. https://londonpolitica.com/conflict-and-security-watch-blog-list/securitization-and-sinicization

 

Lopez, G. (2022). Covid's toll on Native Americans. The New York Times.

 

Lopez-Carmen, V. (2023). Equitable representation of American Indians and Alaska Natives in the physician workforce will take over 100 years without systemic change. Lancet Regional Health Americas. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10593564/pdf/main.pdf

 

Mackerras, C. (2018). Religion and the Uyghurs: A contemporary overview. In G. Ercilasun et al. (Eds.), The Uyghur community: Diaspora, identity and geopolitics (pp. 59–84). Palgrave Macmillan.

 

Mahmuti Dunias, Kurikumal Turdi, Tokniaz & Keisar. (2019). Show their crimes, ending up in detention camp [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jp5y9LCZqTA

 

Mascarin, J. (2020). The Chinese Communist Party and the Uyghurs: Securitization and how ethnic minorities are oppressed in a multi-ethnic state. International ResearchScape Journal, 7(1). https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/irj/vol7/iss1/7/

 

Megoran, N. (2021). Meet the Christian investigator 'equipped by God' to expose China's Uyghur genocide [Interview with Adrian Zenz]. Premier Christianity. https://www.premierchristianity.com/interviews/meet-the-christian-investigator-equipped-by-god-to-expose-chinas-uyghur-genocide/5442.article

 

Megoran, N. (2021). Meet the Christian investigator 'equipped by God' to expose China's Uyghur genocide. Premier Christianity. https://www.premierchristianity.com/interviews/meet-the-christian-investigator-equipped-by-god-to-expose-chinas-uyghur-genocide/5442.article

 

Merieau, E. (2020). Covid-19, authoritarianism vs. democracy: What the epidemic reveals about the orientalism of our categories of thought. Sciences Po. https://www.sciencespo.fr/ceri/en/content/covid-19-authoritarianism-vs-democracy-what-epidemic-reveals-about-orientalism-our-categorie

 

Meyer, P. (2012). Governing Muslim minorities as security threats: The case of the Uyghurs and the concept of a new Chinese nation [Doctoral dissertation, University of Cambridge]. https://www.academia.edu/24003946/PhD_Thesis_Governing_Muslim_Minorities_as_Security_Threats

_The_Case_of_the_Uyghurs_and_the_Concept_of_a_New_Chinese_Nation

 

Miao, Y. (2024). Privilege and prejudice: Han victimhood and legitimizing Islamophobia in China. China Quarterly, 1–22.

 

Millward, J. (2022). (Identity) politics in command: Xi Jinping's July visit to Xinjiang. The China Story. https://www.thechinastory.org/identity-politics-in-command-xi-jinpings-july-visit-to-xinjiang/

 

Millward, J. (2023). China's new anti-Uyghur campaign. Foreign Affairs. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/china/chinas-new-anti-uyghur-campaign

 

Moslimani, M., et al. (2022). Facts about the US Black population. Pew Research Center.

 

Møller, B. (2000). The concept of security: The pros and cons of expansion and contraction. Copenhagen Peace Research Institute. https://ciaotest.cc.columbia.edu/wps/mob01/

 

Nagle, R. (2019). The US has spent more money erasing Native languages than saving them. High Country News.

 

Nobel, C. S. (2023). Authoritarianism, human rights and securitization: The securitization of the Uyghurs in the People's Republic of China [Master’s thesis, University of Tartu]. https://repository.gchumanrights.org/items/2f1514bd-ac2c-43f1-9776-c99a8e540029

 

Nunes, L. P. T. (2021). Securitizing ethnic differences: The case of the Uyghur population in the region of Xinjiang [Master's thesis, University of Pavia]. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Laura-Pistarini-Teixeira-Nunes

 

O'Connor, K. J. (2024). Is immigration good for Europe? Long-run evidence using comprehensive well-being (Global Labor Organization Discussion Paper 1461). https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/300252/1/GLO-DP-1461.pdf

 

OHCHR. (2023). Belarus report finds systematic, widespread and gross human rights violations. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. https://www.ohchr.org/en/statements-and-speeches/2023/03/belarus-report-finds-systematic-widespread-and-gross-human-rights

 

Okafor-Yarwood, I. (2022). Survival of the richest, not the fittest: How attempts to improve governance impact African small-scale marine fisheries. Marine Policy, 135, 104–147.

 

Otukoya, T. A. (2024). The securitization theory. International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 11(1), 1747–1755.

 

Palmer, E. (2024). The rebranding of Xinjiang. CBS News. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/the-rebranding-of-xinjiang-china-crackdown-on-muslim-uyghur-population/

 

Pan, Y. (2024). Unity in diversity. Global Times.

 

Park, H., & Francis, M. (2024). Fraught subjects: Decolonial approaches to racialized international students as "settlers of color in the making." Ethnic and Racial Studies, 47(1), 212–233. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2023.2238406

 

Patel, F. (2020). Deference to discrimination: Immigration and national security in the Trump era. Human Rights, 45(2), 1–5.

 

Pathak, O. (2021). The Doval doctrine: Analysing the legality of India's policy of cross border counterterror operations. NLIU Law Review, 10(2), 195–227. https://nliulawreview.nliu.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Volume-X-Issue-II-215-247.pdf

 

Permanent Mission of Australia at the UN. (2024). Joint statement on the human rights situation in Xinjiang and Tibet. Permanent Mission of Australia at the UN. https://unny.mission.gov.au/unny/241022_UNGA79_Joint_statement_on_the_human_rights

_situation_in_Xinjiang_and_Tibet.html

 

Pew Research Center. (2024). Globally, Biden receives higher ratings than Trump (pp. 33–34). Pew Research Center.https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2024/

 

Polya, G. (2022). Excellent Xinjiang health, growth & education outcomes contradict Sinophobic US lies. South Asia Journal. http://southasiajournal.net/excellent-xinjiang-health-growth-education-outcomes-contradict-sinophobic-us-lies/

 

Powerbase. (2023). Gatestone Institute. https://powerbase.info/index.php/Gatestone_Institute#Promoting_anti-Muslim_writers

 

Qin, A. (2019). In China's crackdown on Muslims, children have not been spared. The New York Times.

 

Rabin, R. (2022). Life expectancy for Americans sharply drops. The New York Times.

 

Rachman, G. (2024). Trump's allies think history is going their way. Financial Times.

 

Reuters. (2016). Religious extremism is spreading to inland China: Official. Reuters.

 

Reynolds, H. (1982). The other side of the frontier: Aboriginal resistance to the European invasion of Australia. Penguin Books.

 

Reynolds, H. (1987). Frontier: Aborigines, settlers and land. Allen & Unwin.

 

Roach, S. (2024). How election lies and China fears lead to bad outcomes for the US. South China Morning Post.

 

Roberts, S. (2018). The biopolitics of China's 'War on Terror' and the exclusion of the Uyghurs. Critical Asian Studies, 50(119), 1–27.

 

Roberts, S. (2018). The biopolitics of China's 'War on Terror' and the exclusion of the Uyghurs. Critical Asian Studies, 50(119), 1–27.

 

Roberts, S. (2020). The war on the Uyghurs: China's internal campaign against a Muslim minority. Princeton University Press.

 

Roberts, S. (2022). Settler colonialism in the name of 'counter-terrorism': Of 'savages' and terrorists. In M. Clarke (Ed.), The Xinjiang emergency: Exploring the causes and consequences of China's mass detention of Uyghurs (pp. 90–126). Manchester University Press.

 

Rodilla Palencias, E. (2021). Uyghurs in Xinjiang: The construction of a suspect community [Master’s thesis, Comillas Universidad Pontificia]. https://repositorio.comillas.edu/rest/bitstreams/438014/retrieve

 

Rodriguez Merino, P. (2018). China's protracted securitization of Xinjiang: Origins of a 'surveillance state'. E-International Relations. https://www.e-ir.info/2018/08/15/chinas-protracted-securitization-of-xinjiang-origins-of-a-surveillance-state/

 

Rodriguez Merino, P. (2023). Violence, discourse, and politics in China's Uyghur region: The terroristization of Xinjiang. Routledge.

 

Rossabi, M. (2022). China and the Uyghurs: A concise introduction. Rowman & Littlefield.

 

Rubin, M. (2021). Are Quakers repeating their Khmer Rouge mistake in China? Washington Examiner.

 

Safeguard Defenders. (2023). Prosecutions abandoned, conviction rate record high, and more on China's judiciary 2022. Safeguard Defenders. https://safeguarddefenders.com/en/blog/prosecutions-abandoned-conviction-rate-record-high-and-more-china-s-judiciary-2022

 

Salomon, P. (2024). Counterterrorism uses of force: The laws of war and jus ad vim. Santa Clara Journal of International Law, 22(2), 118–163.

 

Sand, G. (2017). China mimics Central Asian states, bans long beards in restive region. Eurasianet. https://eurasianet.org/china-mimics-central-asian-states-bans-long-beards-in-restive-region

 

Santos, A. M. R., et al. (2023). A Bayesian projection of the total fertility rate of Puerto Rico: 2020-2050. ArXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.14168

 

Sautman, B. (2024). Xinjiang: Bloodless genocide or blood libel? In G. Gest et al. (Eds.), Xinjiang: eine Region im Spannungsfeld von Geschichte und Moderne: Beiträge zu einer Debatte [Xinjiang – a region at the intersection of history and modernity: Contributions to a debate] (pp. 247–303). Lit Verlag.

 

Schuster, B. L. (2009). Gaps in the Silk Road: An analysis of population health disparities in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China. China Quarterly, 198, 433–441.

 

Semuels, A. (2016). No, most black people don't live in poverty—or inner cities. The Atlantic.

 

Shan, W. (2020). Isolated but happy: The social profile of Uighurs in China. In Zhao Litao & Qi Dongtao (Eds.), Chinese society in the Xi Jinping era (pp. 95–114). World Scientific.

 

Sharma, R. (2007). The paradoxes of Chinese socialism. Manak Publications.

 

Shipman, T. (2024). 'They can read my file': Stanley Johnson's China links spooked the CIA. The Sunday Times.

 

Slaten, K. (2024). Eight things Freedom House has learned about protests in China. Freedom House.

 

Smiley, R., et al. (2023). The 2022 national nursing workforce survey. Journal of Nursing Regulation, 14(1), S1–S83.

 

Smith Finley, J. (2021). Why scholars and activists increasingly fear a Uyghur genocide in Xinjiang. Journal of Genocide Research, 23(3), 348–370.

 

Smith, D. M. (2017). Counting the dead: Estimating the loss of life in the indigenous holocaust, 1492-present. 12th Native American Symposium. https://www.se.edu/native-american/2017-native-american-symposium/

 

Soman, B., et al. (2023). Tracing the disparity between healthcare policy–based infrastructure and health belief–lead practices: A narrative review on indigenous populations of India. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40615-023-01810-3

 

Stott, M., et al. (2024). Brazil's middle power trap. Financial Times.

 

Streb, A. (2024). 'What genocide looks like': Forum calls on China to stop persecuting Uyghurs. Heritage Foundation.

 

Stroup, D. R. (2021). Good minzu and bad Muslims: Islamophobia in China's state media. Nations and Nationalism, 27(4), 1231–1252.

 

Summers, T. (2023). Shaping the policy debate: How does the British media present China? (Policy Series 2023:8). King's College London, Lau China Institute. https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news/british-media-china

 

Sun, L. (2023). China population: With falling fertility rate 'an unavoidable norm', Beijing told focus should shift to people not numbers. South China Morning Post.

 

Tang, W., & He, G. (2010). Separate but loyal: Ethnicity and nationalism in China. East-West Center. https://www.eastwestcenter.org/publications/separate-loyal-ethnicity-and-nationalism-china

 

Thakral, P. (2020). A repeat of atrocious history. Davis Political Review. https://www.davispoliticalreview.com/article/a-repeat-of-atrocious-history

 

The Basics Guide. (2023). Gell-Mann amnesia effect. The Basics Guide. https://thebasics.guide/gell-mann-amnesia-effect/

 

The Economist. (2020). Assessing the threat from America's far right. The Economist.

 

The Portal Wiki. (2024). Gell-Mann amnesia effect. The Portal Wiki. https://theportal.wiki/wiki/The_Gell-Mann_Amnesia_Effect

 

Tobin, D. (2020). Securing China's northwest frontier: Identity and insecurity in Xinjiang. Cambridge University Press.

 

Tredaniel, M., & Lee, P. K. (2018). Explaining the Chinese framing of the "terrorist" violence in Xinjiang: Insights from securitization theory. Nationalities Papers, 47(1), 177–195.

 

Tuysuzoglu, G., & Kurt, S. (2022). The Belt and Road program as a triggering element of the securitization of the Uyghur issue. Siyasal: Journal of Political Sciences, 31(1), 19–52.

 

Uyghur Tribunal. (2021). Uyghur Tribunal judgment. Uyghur Tribunal. https://uyghurtribunal.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Uyghur-Tribunal-Judgment-9th-Dec-21.pdf

 

Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation. (2023). VOC testifies to US Congress on Beijing's genocide in Xinjiang. VOC. https://victimsofcommunism.org/voc-testifies-to-us-congress-on-beijings-genocide-in-xinjiang/

 

Vuori, J. A. (2024). Chinese macrosecuritization: China's alignment in global security discourses. Routledge.

 

Wang, W. (2012). Han in Xinjiang victims of favorable minority policies. Global Times.

 

Wang, W., et al. (2022). Spatial variation and social determinants of life expectancy in China, 2005-2020: A population-based spatial panel modelling study. The Lancet, 23, Article 100451. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanwpc/article/PIIS2666-6065(22)00066-9/fulltext

 

Wang, Y. (2021). Research on the coordinated development and realization path of the coupling of farmland transfer and labor migration in Xinjiang] [Doctoral dissertation, Xinjiang Agricultural University].

 

Watson Institute. (2022). The costs of war. Watson Institute, Brown University. https://watson.brown.edu/costsofwar/costs/social/rights/detention

 

Watson Institute. (2023). The costs of war. Watson Institute, Brown University. https://watson.brown.edu/costsofwar/

 

Werleman, C. J. (2023). A voice for the voiceless. https://cjwerleman.com/

 

Wood, G. (2021). Horgan faces backlash for genocide-denying adviser. Business in Vancouver. https://www.biv.com/news/economy-law-politics/horgan-faces-backlash-genocide-denying-adviser-8263881

 

Wu, F., et al. (2023). The practice of educational integration in promoting ethnic integration in southern Xinjiang. Academic Journal of Management and Social Sciences, 2(1), 44–49.

 

Wu, H. (2021). Are Uyghurs active in China's CCP? Quora. https://www.quora.com/Does-China-force-Uyghur-Han-intermarriage

 

Wæver, O. (1995). Securitization and desecuritization. In R. Lipschutz (Ed.), On security (pp. 46–87). Columbia University Press.

 

Xi, J. (2019). Safeguard national security and social stability. In The governance of China I (pp. 223–225). Foreign Language Press. (Original work published 2014)

 

Xu, D., et al. (2019). Labor migration and farmland abandonment in rural China: Empirical results and policy implications. Journal of Environmental Management, 232, 738–750.

 

Xu, L. (2024). Chinese counter-terrorism struggle in Xinjiang. The Diplomatic Insight.

 

Yang, X., et al. (2021). Population dynamics in northwestern China. China Population and Development Studies, 5, 107–123.

 

Yu, K. (2008). Globalization and changes in China's governance. Brill.

 

Zelcer-David, M. (2018). Modern education and literary traditions: A comparative view on the development of modern Uyghur and Tibetan literature. Central Asian Survey, 37(4), 563–581.

 

Zenz, A. (2018). New evidence for China's re-education campaign in Xinjiang. Jamestown Foundation. https://jamestown.org/program/evidence-for-chinas-political-re-education-campaign-in-xinjiang/

 

Zenz, A. (2021). Testimony to the Uyghur Tribunal. Uyghur Tribunal, 268. https://uyghurtribunal.com/uploads/2022/01

 

Zhao, L., et al. (2021). Trade liberalization and child labor. China Economic Review, 65.

 

Zhi, M. (2023). Effects of and suggestions concerning economic communication in southern Xinjiang rural ethnic interactions, exchanges, and mixing. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/82vEZkjPA7jhSve_dKwrZJw

 

Zhou, M., & Li, X. (2015). Uyghur women in Xinjiang: Political participation, employment and birth control. In Li Xiaobing & Patrick Fuliang Shan (Eds.), Ethnic China: Identity, assimilation and resistance (pp. 85–99). Lexington Books.